Research Article Open Access

Antimicrobial Resistance of Campylobacter spp. and Arcobacter butzleri from Pets in Malaysia

Mohammed Dauda Goni1, Abdinasir Yusuf Osman2, Saleha Abdul Aziz3, Zakaria Zunita3, Gurmeet Kaur Dhaliwal3, Muhammad Ibrahim Jalo3, Asinamai Athliamai Bitrus4, Saleh Mohammed Jajere3 and Muhammad Adamu Abbas5
  • 1 Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Malaysia
  • 2 Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia
  • 3 Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
  • 4 Chulalongkorn University, Thailand
  • 5 Bayero University Kano, Nigeria

Abstract

The emergence of antimicrobial resistance in pets is not well understood and methods of surveillance are only beginning to be established in a few countries. The consequence of antimicrobial resistant Campylobacter and Arcobacter butzleri to public health is due to the propensity of the bacteria to swiftly acquire and disseminate resistance gene. Thus, making way for the emergence of new and very pathogenic clones resulting to difficulty in treatment with antimicrobials. The objectives of this study were to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns and multidrug-resistant (MDR) profiles of Campylobacter and Arcobacter butzleri isolated from dogs and cats and to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance using the disc diffusion test and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration. Ninety four (94) Arcobacterbutzleri and 28 Campylobacter isolates were tested against 12 antimicrobials using the disc diffusion method namely Ciprofloxacin (Cip) 5µg; Ampicillin (Amp), 10 µg; Tetracycline (Te), 30 µg; Erythromycin (E), 15 µg; gentamicin (CN), 10 µg; Cefotaxime (CTX), 30 µg; Penicillin G (P), µg; Streptomycin (S), µg; nalidixic acid (NA), µg; Enrofloxacin (Enr), µg; Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (AMC), µg and Ceftazidine (CAZ), µg. Using the M.I.C.E. strip, Campylobacter and A. butzleri isolates showed the exception in the resistance to ciprofloxacin. In comparison, the resistance rates between the disc diffusion and M.I.C. were not significantly different. The resistance patterns showed 18 and 35 antibiotypes for Campylobacter and Arcobacterbutzleri isolates respectively. Campylobacter isolates were found resistant to 9 antimicrobials while Arcobacter butzleri showed resistance to 10 antimicrobials. MDR was reported among 50% and 78.9% of Campylobacter and Arcobacterbutzleri isolates respectively. Antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter and Arcobacter butzleri not only increase the risk of treatment failure in both human and animals but also spread antimicrobial resistance genes. Thus, the presence of Campylobacter in pets could be a potential source of human infections and environmental contamination.

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences
Volume 13 No. 4, 2018, 152-161

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ajavsp.2018.152.161

Submitted On: 10 April 2018 Published On: 29 November 2018

How to Cite: Goni, M. D., Osman, A. Y., Aziz, S. A., Zunita, Z., Dhaliwal, G. K., Jalo, M. I., Bitrus, A. A., Jajere, S. M. & Abbas, M. A. (2018). Antimicrobial Resistance of Campylobacter spp. and Arcobacter butzleri from Pets in Malaysia. American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 13(4), 152-161. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajavsp.2018.152.161

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Keywords

  • Arcobacter butzleri
  • Cats
  • Campylobacter
  • Dogs
  • Multi-Drug Resistance