Research Article Open Access

Occurrence of Antibiotic Resistant C. jejuni and E. coli in Wild Birds, Chickens, Environment and Humans from Orang Asli Villages in Sungai Siput, Perak, Malaysia

Ibrahim Mohamed Mohamed-Yousif1, Jalila Abu2, Saleha Abdul-Aziz1, Zunita Zakaria1, Abdul Rashid3 and Elmutaz Atta Awad2
  • 1 University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
  • 2 Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
  • 3 Penang Medical College, Malaysia

Abstract

In developing countries, Escherichia coli and Campylobacter jejuni were found to be the prominent bacterial causes of gastroenteritis in human gastroenteritis, and they also showed an increased trend towards antibiotic resistance. Thus, the study aimed to determine the occurrence of E. coli and C. jejuni in wild birds, chickens, human and environment in villages in Perak and to determine the antibiotic resistance amongst E. coli and C. jejuni isolates. Three Orang Asli villages in Perak were chosen. Wild birds were trapped from nearby areas of the villages. We collected 52 human stool samples, 40 cloacal swabs from wild birds and 42 from chickens. For the environment, samples were collected from water (40 samples), flies (40 samples) and soil (40 samples). Two (5%) flies and 16 (38.1%) chickens were found positive for C. jejuni. Also, a total of 50 (96.2%) humans, 40 (100%) birds, 40 (95.2%) chickens were positive for E. coli and 111 (92.5%) of the 120 environmental samples tested positive for E. coli. The disk diffusion method was employed to determine the susceptibility of C. jejuni and E. coli isolates against ten antibiotics. All of the E. coli (100%) and C. jejuni (66%) isolates were found resistance towards at least one antibiotic. Hundred percent (100%) of the E. coli isolates obtained from wild birds were found to show multidrug resistance (MDR). Campylobacter jejuni isolates from flies and chickens showed high resistance towards nalidixic acid.

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences
Volume 14 No. 3, 2019, 158-169

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ajavsp.2019.158.169

Submitted On: 24 January 2019 Published On: 5 August 2019

How to Cite: Mohamed-Yousif, I. M., Abu, J., Abdul-Aziz, S., Zakaria, Z., Rashid, A. & Awad, E. A. (2019). Occurrence of Antibiotic Resistant C. jejuni and E. coli in Wild Birds, Chickens, Environment and Humans from Orang Asli Villages in Sungai Siput, Perak, Malaysia. American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 14(3), 158-169. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajavsp.2019.158.169

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Keywords

  • Antibiotics
  • Camplylobacter jejuni
  • Escherichia coli
  • Chickens
  • Wild Birds and Human