Impact of L-Carnitine and Cinnamon on Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Expression in Heart and Brain of Insulin Resistant Rats
- 1 Al-Azhar University, Egypt
Abstract
Problem statement: Evaluate the effects of daily administration of L-carnitine and cinnamon extract for two weeks on the expression of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) and inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) genes in cardiac and brain tissues of rats with Insulin Resistance (IR). Approach: Rats were divided into 4 groups (8 animals each): Group (1) rats fed control diet (60% starch) as control while groups (2, 3 and 4) fed high fructose diet (60% fructose). At the beginning of the 3rd week of feeding, rats of group (3) were treated with L-carnitine (300 mg kg-1 body weight/day, i.p.) and animals of group (4) received a daily oral dose of cinnamon aqueous extract (0.5 mL rat-1). The animals were maintained in their respective groups for 4 weeks. Results: Feeding high fructose diet causes significant reduction in Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 (IRS-1) (amounted 30.65%) and elevation in iNOS expression (reached 51%) in the cardiac tissues as compared to control. In brain tissues, the IGF-1 mRNA was reduced in fructose loaded groups (28.81%). Administration of either L-carnitine or cinnamon extract significantly improves the expression of the cardiac studied genes but with no effects on the brain tissues. Conclusion: The present study illustrated that CE was more potent than L-carnitine in improving the IR.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ajbbsp.2010.204.212
Copyright: © 2010 Mona A. Mohamed. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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Keywords
- Insulin resistance
- insulin-like growth factor-1
- inducible nitric oxide synthase
- insulin receptor substrate-1