Expanding the Rapeseed Cultivation Area in the South and South-Eastern Regions of Kazakhstan with the Introduction of its Winter Variety

Abstract

The paper examines the data on 86 rapeseed samples of various ecological and geographical origins, which were subjected to a long-term selection study with the criterion of winter hardiness to create a new Kazakhstani variety of winter rapeseed. For selection, plant indicators are used in terms of the number of leaves (at least 7), the diameter of the root collar (more than 6 mm), the height of the growth point (up to 3 cm), the weight of 1 plant should be more than 35 g, the correlation/regression method is used to determine the relationship between structural features and productivity. The purpose of the study is to expand the territory of winter rapeseed crops in the southern and southeastern regions of Kazakhstan. The first Kazakh winter rapeseed variety Pervenets Semirechya was created with the following indicators: Winter hardiness 79 to 91.3%, green mass yield 40.7 to 51.4 t/ha, oilseed yield 2.76 to 3.83 t/ha, oil content 46.3% and protein content 26%. Bioclimatic potential makes it possible to introduce winter rapeseed to an area of 50-70 thousand hectares in the system of crop rotation. The advantages of winter rapeseed over spring rapeseed are noted.