Host Plant Mediated Population Variations of Cotton Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Aleyrodidae: Homoptera) Characterized with Random DNA Markers

Abstract

Problem statement: Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci is an important sucking pest of field, horticultural and ornamental plants causing feeding injuries besides spreading disease by acting as a vector of Gemini viruses. The polyphagous nature of the pest makes it as a highly complex species. Approach: The influence of host plants utilized by the species on the population differences at molecular level was attempted using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Results: Ten RAPD primers out of the total seventeen primers screened produced 236 markers. The total number of bands obtained from each primer ranged from 11-35 with an average of 23.60 bands per primer. Of the pair wise combination among thirteen species, Srivilliputhur population showed the highest similarity index (0.826) while the lowest (0.111) was recorded by Namakkal population. The similarity coefficient based on the 236 RAPD markers generated ranged from 0.111-0.826. Three major clusters were formed from UPGMA dendrogram, which was constructed based on Jaccard’s similarity. PCR screening demarcated the whitefly population based on the host species. The first cluster included population collected from okra and cotton, while second cluster comprised of population from eggplant and cauliflower and the third cluster included population from eggplant. It could be deduced that population from cotton and okra had 50% similarity, while 60-70% similarity was observed for population from eggplant and cauliflower. Conclusion: Our investigation offered the lead that within a narrow geographical region there exits variation based on host plants being utilized by the whitefly population.