A Comparative Study of the Development Model in Education and Religion Management Process between Thailand and Lao

Problem statement: The monks’ education was a foundation for national development. The objectives of this research were: (1) to study historical background and development of model and process of management in education and religion between Thai-Lao, (2) to study and compare the model of management in education and religion of Thai-Lao and (3) to find guidelines for collaboration in management of education and religion. Approach: The area in Thailand and Lao People’s Democratic Republic, collecting data from 3 districts including: Luang Prabang, the wall of Vientiane City and Sawanked (Suwanked). The samples were the monks, novices and related persons, total of 300 persons. Qualitative Research Methodology was administered. The instruments using in this study consisted of: questionnaire, observation form and focus group discussion, analyzing based on the objectives. The research findings were presented in descriptive analysis. Results: (1) the development in general course study of Thailand and Lao People’s Democratic Republic, started at the temple, the monks acted as both of teachers teaching material and dharma and supporters. Only boys had their opportunity to study both of general filed and Bali Field of study simultaneously. In some institutes, foreign languages were added for usefulness for studying in higher level as well as working, (2) for model and process of education and religion, both countries had similar aspects of educational policy, for example, educational quality development, enhancement for people and organization to participate in educational management. For the difference, Lao People’s Democratic Republic gave an importance to the search for support from foreign countries while policy of Thailand focusing on being center of education in Indo China Country Group and (3) for collaboration in development for education and religion of Thai-Lao, Thai should help Lao People’s Democratic Republic in education both of youth and monks. The bureaucratic work units related to education both of direct and indirect ones by offering scholarship in higher education level in order to develop relationship for knowledge sharing. For monks’ education, Lao monks should be supported for studying in monk college of Thailand with campuses all over country especially in Isan Region, so that the sustainable relationship would exist between 2 neighborhood countries. Conclusion/Recommendations: Education was an integral factor in national development. For the monks’ education, it should be implemented in aligned with each other since both countries had faith in Buddhism as major religion in order to help in developing the virtue and morality simultaneously with national growth.


INTRODUCTION
The government of Loa People's Democratic Republic issued National Educational Law emphasizing on compulsory education in Elementary Education, education, supervision and people's quality of life improvement especially for various women tribes. However, the government faced many obstacles in implementation for success. Therefore, the support from foreign countries was needed. As it could be seen that Lao People's Democratic Republic, borrowed money from World Bank, Asia Bank and request for support from foreign countries as well as NGOs for more than 100 dollars in order to develop the education in aligned with foreign countries more than 20 projects.
In addition to the educational system in school, Lao people still were able to choose to study for life progress through Buddhism. The education offered opportunity for poverty people particularly those who lived in remote area. The charter of Lao in 2008, Section 30, stated that "citizen had their right and freedom to believe or didn't believe in religion". But, in fact, people who were Buddhists using opportunity in studying. There were 3 levels of Lao educational system: Elementary Level, Secondary Level and Higher Education Level. In each level, there were shortages of school and teacher such as in Higher Education Level, there was only one district in the country: University developing the monk, Tatluang Temple and Ongtue Temple, total of 2 institutes situated at Vientiane City. Therefore there was an improvement by offering classroom for novice studying together with both of boys and girls in Elementary School such as Luangnam District in Northern Region of Lao. It was also found that some of monk activities were different from what being seen in Thailand.
According to the above, could be viewed that the model and educational process and religion of Lao, still needed for help from neighborhood countries very much. Thailand had policy to be center of education between Thai-Lao which was very important since it would be major foundation in creating sustainable collaboration on education and religion between the countries. It could be understood that the present climate being able to provide support for collaborating in many aspects between Thai-Lao. Besides, the collaboration with attempt to perform in various patterns, would affect trust which was important in relationship of Thai-Lao. The education, religion and academic should be basic of good cooperation since the area of education, religion and academic had no benefit, little if any. This academic field, should be indicator for policy makers both from public sector and private sector involving in contacting and making relationship for educational development as relative neighborhood countries. The academic field would act as a buffer of relationship if there were some tensions while the academic field in education and religion needed to open their mind and compromise by viewing benefit for people as major aim. To have intensive knowledge with conscious was a good thing for academic field in education and religion which would lead to understanding and friendship of both countries.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The research area was in Lao People's Democratic Republic. Data were collected in 3 districts: North Region District, including Luang Pra Bang, Central Region including the wall of Vientiane City and South Region including Sawannaked District (Suwanked). For the research area in Thailand, data of the field study in education and region were collected from 7 provinces of Isan Region, divided into 2 provinces of Upper Part of Isan, 3 provinces of Central Part of Isan and 2 provinces of Lower Part of Isan. Data were collected by the survey, observation, interview, focus group discussion and workshop. The samples were selected by Purposive Random Sampling, 300 persons, including 200 monks and 50 persons relating to educational management of the monks and 50 general informants.

DISCUSSION
• Thailand and Los People's Democratic Republic were relative countries with connected border for thousand kilometers, including similar educational and religion development in many parts. For differences, caused by political and governmental situations. Buddhism of both countries was trusted on by them as a principle of faith whereas the temple and monks were the centers of mind as well as the building of various permanent objects and public benefit activities for community. The monks and villagers collaborated in management for creating prosperous temple and city • Furthermore, both countries were similar in that the community development. The monks would be very good trust for them by preaching or leading the developers to understand right, duty and occurred problem and guidelines for problem solving which would pass process of education. It was supported by Chaiyod (2000) study the analysis and development of educational model and community for sustainable development. The findings could be concluded as follows: (1) for problems of sustainable development in community, they were caused by environmental problems affected by socio-economic development.
As a result, the community as social system lost its equilibrium. The existed issues were used as modes for problem solving by allowing the community participation in planning and managing goal leading to practice guidelines and (2)  Besides, the ladies who were interested in Dharma in Loa (Nun) should be allowed opportunity in studying at Mahapachabodee University in the Supreme Patriarch Support of Mahamongkut Royal University