Some Aspects of Modern Drones

Email: rvvpetrescu@gmail.com Abstract: Today drones have become so important that everyday life can no longer be conceived without them. The paper wishes to present some essential aspects regarding modern drones, their capabilities and their uses. Drones and minnies drones have penetrated deep into technology, industry, agriculture, the military and police area, security services, security and control, aerial surveillance, signaling, aerial filming, cartography, danger and fire signaling in a timely manner, surveillance missions, security, defense and attack. The major advantages of drones compared to conventional aircraft are the following: A much lower fuel consumption and a much lower polarization of the environment, sometimes the pole does not even exist the drones being electrically moved; much lower design, manufacturing, maintenance and operation prices. They do not require pilots, they are generally small and the manufacturing costs and materials are much reduced; in case of collisions they are very resistant, accidents with them being rare and without tragic consequences; they can operate various things without a pilot, without costs, without risks, with superior results to those of classic aviation. A simple way to reduce the consumption of raw materials needed by industries is the very economy of materials used in industries and the start must be made even with heavy industries and car manufacturers and primarily those in aviation and aerospace. With drones, the consumption of materials is extraordinary compared to the materials stored in old, classic, huge ships. Of course, large public aircraft are still needed for public passenger transport, which, no matter how redesigned, will still consume a lot of materials and energy, but for other daily air operations, drones will be able to successfully intervene in place of large and heavy ships. These areas will see huge savings in materials, not to mention the very low costs of people who will be replaced by robots, vending machines, cameras, low fuel consumption and the reduction and even elimination of massive pollution that was done by a massive use of large aircraft for any minor operations requiring flights. The drones come to usefully and efficiently complete large and important areas of flight, difficult and meticulous operations, the drones clearly having increased capabilities and much higher penetration.


Introduction
The major advantages of drones compared to conventional aircraft are the following: A much lower fuel consumption and a much lower polarization of the environment, sometimes the pole does not even exist the drones being electrically moved; much lower design, manufacturing, maintenance and operation prices. They do not require pilots, they are generally small and the manufacturing costs and materials are much reduced; in  will directly provide jobs for over 100,000 people  will have an economic impact of over EUR 10 billion per year, mainly in the field of services As the use of drones expands, so will the need to find a balance between their advantages and the problems they generate. For example, unmanned aerial vehicles can provide added value when used for data collection and interpretation in different sectors of the economy. But drones can also create problems in terms of data protection, privacy, noise and CO2 emissions.
On 12 March 2019, the European Commission adopted rules at the EU level to establish technical requirements for drones.
In accordance with the EFSA Regulation, the new rules establish the basic principles for ensuring the security, safety and protection of privacy, as well as the protection of personal data.
They also aim to reduce bureaucracy and encourage innovation.
The regulation also removes certain rules that could inhibit entrepreneurship. It is expected to generate legal certainty for a sector comprising a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises and start-ups.
In addition, the regulation introduces a safety approach based on risks and performance.
The drones come to usefully and efficiently complete large and important areas of flight, difficult and meticulous operations, the drones clearly having increased capabilities and much higher penetration.
This means that the regulation recognizes the various risks that arise in different sectors of civil aviation.
For example, helicopters or light recreational aircraft are subject to simpler and cheaper approval procedures than commercial aviation (Rulkov et al., 2016; Agarwala,

Materials and Methods
A major problem that still plagues our planet is the massive need for metals, heavy, light, special, rare, precious, alloys, which are increasingly needed, while planetary surface resources are increasingly limited.
Given the declining planetary resources and increasing their consumption, at least some of them could be brought from outside the planet, such as metals or diamonds, so as not we try to find them or supplements in the depths of the earth, so as not to disturb the balance of our planet.
The attempt to dig deeper into the earth's crust, embarking on a journey to the depths, in search of new metals and other deposits, has failed, being even more difficult today than a journey through outer space, an underwater, one in space, or one to a nano size world. For this reason, scientists have recently remembered about an older idea of trying to bring metals from outer space, where they exist in massive quantities, especially since some sources (asteroids) are quite close and today we already have very fast ships capable to realize of such a brave and daring enterprise.
Astronomers created icon-like symbols for the first fifteen asteroids to be discovered, as a type of shorthand notation consistent with older notation for the classical planets. Psyche was given an iconic symbol, as were a few other asteroids discovered after 16 Psyche. The symbol 16 Psyche, a semicircle topped by a star, represents a butterfly's wing, a symbol of the soul (psyche is the Greek word for "soul") and a star.
However, the iconic symbols for all asteroids were superseded and Psyche's symbol never came into use. With more than a dozen asteroids discovered, remembering all their individual emblems became increasingly unwieldy and in 1851, German astronomer J.F. Encke suggested using a circled number instead. The first new asteroid that was designated in 1852 using this new scheme was 16 Psyche when American astronomer James Ferguson published his observations. Psyche (Fig. 2), is massive enough that its gravitational perturbations on other asteroids can be observed, which enables a mass measurement. The values for the mass of 3.38±0.28×10 −11 M☉ and the density of 6.98±0.58 g/cm 3 obtained from a 2002 analysis by Kuzmanoski and Kovačević, of a close encounter with asteroid (13206) 1997 GC22. The new, high-density estimate suggests that 16 Psyche must be composed mostly of metals. As of 2019, the best mass estimate is (2.41±0.32) 10 19 kg, with a derived bulk density of (3.99±0.26) g/cm 3 .
The first size estimate of Psyche came from IRAS thermal infrared emission observations. They showed that it had a diameter of about 253 km, although it was likely an overestimate as Psyche was viewed pole-on at that time. Light curve analysis indicates Psyche appears somewhat irregular in shape. There is a pronounced mass deficit near the equator at about 90° longitude comparable to the Rheasilvia basin on Vesta. There are also two additional smaller (50-70 km in diameter) crater-like depressions near the south pole. Psyche's north pole points towards the ecliptic coordinates β = 28°, λ = -6°, with a 4° uncertainty. This gives an axial tilt of 95°.
Observations of two multi-chord stellar occultations of 2010 and 2014 allow the matching of light curve inversions DAMIT model 1806 that give an equivalentvolume mean diameter of 216±12 km and an equivalent surface means the diameter of 227±13 km. The density of Psyche derived from these estimates -3.7±0.6 g/cm 3 -is consistent with that of other metallic asteroids.
Observations of Psyche with Very Large Telescope's adaptive optics SPHERE imager revealed two large craters, which were informally named Meroe and Panthia, after the twin witches in the Roman novel Metamorphoses by Apuleius.
NASA is going to build a robot, called "Psyche", which will have the mission to explore an asteroid in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. The asteroid "16 Psyche" has a diameter of 226 kilometers and is made of metals such as iron, nickel and gold. The metals that make up this unique asteroid could be worth more than $ 10 trillion.
Located in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, "16 Psyche" is rich in metals including iron, nickel and the core is made of gold.
Researchers believe that the asteroid's core is similar to that of Earth, which means it could be the heart of a dead planet that has lost its rocky outer layers or suffered violent collisions. The metals that make up this asteroid could be worth $ 10 trillion.
The "Psyche" robot is scheduled to be launched in 2022, using a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket. A year later, in 2023, it will pass over the planet Mars and only in 2026 will it orbit the asteroid "16 Psyche".
The "Psyche" mission is part of NASA's low-cost robotic space mission program.
A simple way to reduce the consumption of raw materials needed by industries is the very economy of materials used in industries and the start must be made even with heavy industries and car manufacturers and primarily those in aviation and aerospace. With drones, the consumption of materials is extraordinary compared to the materials stored in old, classic, huge ships. Of course, large public aircraft are still needed for public passenger transport, which, no matter how redesigned, will still consume a lot of materials and energy, but for other daily air operations, drones will be able to successfully intervene in place of large and heavy ships. These areas will see huge savings in materials, not to mention the very low costs of people who will be replaced by robots, vending machines, cameras, low fuel consumption and the reduction and even elimination of massive pollution that was done by a massive use of large aircraft for any minor operations requiring flights. The drones come to usefully and efficiently complete large and important areas of flight, difficult and meticulous operations, the drones clearly having increased capabilities and much higher penetration.
They are one of the smartest and hardest flyings. It can fly hundreds of miles a day, doing things you couldn't even think of. Driven by restlessness and technology, these guys convinced the restless travelers to find, literally, the needle in the hay wagon. With wings of four meters, a speed of 85 km/h and eagle eyes, our drones detect in flight the imminent danger, theft, energy loss and even vegetation that could climb on your house. Everything is transmitted on video cameras. The smart drones are created in Romania, with the help of European funds.
The project that turned a smart dream into reality was born from the idea of some engineers to fly over the airspace, in order to reduce costs. Then this idea went further. Today, drones not only save a lot of money, but also save time, energy and lives. Due to its exceptional performance, the invention with a Romanian patent could be sold all over the globe. Equipped with the most intelligent video and thermal imaging equipment, the devices represent the future, including in the study of lands that are difficult to access or even inaccessible until today (Fig. 3).
The SMIATIC project -"Advanced monitoring and inspection system, air and ground infrastructure" was implemented by Energy & Eco Concept SRL and benefited from funding of 1.5 million euros and the support of the Polytechnic University of Bucharest. The pilot project was developed in partnership with Transelectrica, to verify electricity transmission networks. The company has over 17,000 km of the network throughout the country. Smart drones can solve many of today's problems in areas inaccessible to employees. For example, on a route of hundreds of hectares, where each pillar of electricity should be checked separately, their work would be tens of times harder and hundreds of times more expensive than the intervention of these devices. The latest technology, created in Romania, is friendly and environmentally friendly: It does not pollute and contributes to reducing pollution, wherever it discovers it.
The project aimed to increase the efficiency of covering monitored and inspected areas at lower prices than traditional air or ground solutions operated by personnel and to increase the availability and redundancy of the system, through intelligent mission management and by increasing air presence time. of drones. Drone autonomy will be maximized through innovative energy resource management solutions.
The drone can be defined as an unmanned aircraft capable of autonomous navigation, without being controlled from the outside, using the autopilot, or which can be controlled by a remote control device. In addition, the drone can be controlled via WI-FI, smartphones, or tablets equipped with Android or iOS.
Drones come in a wide range of shapes and sizes. In terms of use, drones are divided into the following categories: -Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The most popular and most used are Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Regardless of its use, the unmanned aerial vehicle runs on batteries or energy produced by their own photovoltaic cells. These types of drones are equipped with electric motors, one for each propeller. Drones equipped with internal combustion engines are less used in applications than drones with electric motors. Depending on the number of engines and their power, drones can be classified into three copters, quadcopters, hexacopters, octocopters, etc.
The three copters is a drone-like helicopter, which has three rotors and propulsion units with servomotors, Rotors/propellers. A quadcopter is stabilized using different technologies, but the main stabilizers are gyroscopes. Hexacopters are remote-controlled flight devices that have six rotors/propellers. The hexacopter is a type of drone with advanced technology characterized by good maneuverability. Octocopters have eight engines and propellers. These drones had high speeds, safety and high stability and can fly at extreme altitudes, even in adverse weather conditions.
The first drone was designed by Nikola Tesla in 1898 (Fig. 4).
Later, this model was improved by the engineer Charles F. Kettering, who attached an electronic device to the model, by which the drone modifies its propellers to fall into enemy positions. A more similar model to the one used today was the QAM-34, created in 1948 and first tested in 1951. Drone technology is developing rapidly. Motorized devices are becoming increasingly complex, with multiple functions, but much easier to control. Regardless of the type of drone, their most important characteristics are, in general, the following: -Maximum operating distance; -flight/journey time; -flight/travel speed; of sensors; -board GPS system;operating frequency; -weight.

Fig. 3:
The SMIATIC project -"Advanced monitoring and inspection system, air and ground infrastructure" was implemented by Energy and Eco Concept SRL and benefited from funding of 1.5 million euros and the support of the Polytechnic University of Bucharest The year 2011 brought with it one of the most important events in the fight against terrorism -the capture by Osama Bin Laden's SEAL troops in the Pakistani city of Abbottabad (Fig. 5). The story of these unmanned aircraft, as secret as they are sophisticated, begins in the 2000 s and 2001 s, when the US Air Force reconfigured a Hellfire anti-tank missile to fit a Predator HQ-1 surveillance drone. The program to create these lethal weapons was boosted by the George W. Bush Administration in order to reduce the military budget for conventional warfare and the withdrawal of ground troops. Thus, through the precise blows of the drones, the Pentagon had the opportunity to avoid collateral casualties in the war on terror. The first known drone attack took place in November 2001, killing Taliban commander Mohammed Atef in Afghanistan.
The new "Obama doctrine" focuses on multilateralism, drone strikes and a reduced military presence in Libya, Pakistan and Yemen. According to government figures from 2006 to date, the number of Al-Qaeda militants killed by drones has reached 2,000 (along with collateral civilian casualties). Thus, after numerous attacks on the tribal area of Waziristan (Pakistan) resulting in casualties among the locals, the attitude of Pakistanis towards the US becomes ambivalent. In reality, these situations are caused by errors and drone strikes produce fewer casualties than military interventions or less selective bombing.
As the fighting continues, some experts believe that this "secret war" must be made transparent, at least to the extent that tensions between Pakistan and the United States have strained. Especially since American troops will need military assistance from Islamabad to secure the withdrawal corridor from Afghanistan by 2014. Few people know about the real situation in the tribal areas on the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan, where entire regions have become theaters of war and Al-Quaeda formed true autonomous networks that could freely cross insecure borders. This war of attrition by drones was probably inevitable for the destruction of the terrorist stronghold. However, the Islamabad government exercises partial control over its own tribal regions and its army continues to house Taliban fighters, who can easily cross the Afghan-Pakistani border to help "Muslim brothers" in their fight against Western "pagans." Pakistani officials, while criticizing the drone attacks, in particular, agree that they are helping the army fight extremists. The US has expanded its drone base from Afghanistan, Pakistan, Yemen and Somalia to Ethiopia, Djibouti, Seychelles and, now, to Iran, which is under reconnaissance and surveillance missions. The year 2011 ended with the Pentagon's request to Tehran to return the "top secret" RQ-170 Sentinel drone, which crashed on December 4 in Iran. So far, the total fleet of UAVs is 7000 units, of which the United States has lost more than 50 units and since July 2010, 79 accidents have been identified due to several reasons: Bad weather, error of connection, or operation and "human error".
The CIA, which has become more like a paramilitary agency and not an intelligence agency, is in charge of operating most drones and in Yemen, the main executive authority for some drone strikes is the Pentagon. We need to understand that most of the time drones are used to gather information. For example, the old U-2 crews during the Cold War have been replaced by the Global Hawk drone, which can send detailed images of the Earth and has the ability to detect chemical, biological, or nuclear weapons. Moreover, it was possible to create an advanced prototype -Gorgon Stare -that will be able to "look at an entire city". At the same time, the number of American multi-role drones -which can hit and spy -is expected to increase fourfold. The good part is that unlike the new F-16 fighter, which requires around $ 55 million to operate, UAVs are less expensive (a Global Hawk requires 15 million), although expensive technology and crashes can make up the difference. Another challenge to international security is the global proliferation of drones. Although it may facilitate the security of certain areas of the state, military security relations may fall into well-understood patterns of action and reaction. Currently, the number of states that have access to such capabilities has reached 70, developing around 680 research programs. China already has 25 types of systems under development and Ahmadinejad said Iran already has its own drone model -"Ambassador of Death" (!) The technology has been expanded from the military to the civilian sector. US police forces purchase models of drones to monitor the border or risk areas.
In addition to killing al-Qaeda militants, the drone war bears the imprint of a psychological war: In Waziristan, their humming can be heard throughout the day, with the psychological effect of widespread panic among both Islamist militants and the civilian population. Militants are aware of the effectiveness of drones and therefore prefer not to meet in large groups, not even in mosques and spend their nights outdoors. The feeling of insecurity is leading the Taliban to take more drastic measures to communicate within the network and is distrustful of any journalist.
In any case, drones have become a reality of a secret war waged by Washington and it is far from over. The escalation of this asymmetric war will certainly lead to the development of countermeasures to UAV technology.
The drones will be able to be used successfully, efficiently and without problems in the rapid and automatic planting of trees, in order to mass reforestation, fast, cheap and quality, obviously in order to restore the climate on our old planet.
Mapping some agricultural areas can be done most efficiently with the help of drones, safer, cheaper, more successful and much closer than from distant and very expensive satellites.
We all know humans can't fly. Our bones are far too dense and flapping our arms does not produce adequate lift to overcome the pull of gravity, but luckily we can use technology to give us the experience of flying. I'm not talking about flying in airplanes though, or a hang glider, or jumping out of airplanes, or using a zip line. We can actually use multirotor aircraft to give us the impression of flying using a technology called FPV. I think "flying" with an FPV-equipped multirotor is even better than flying with any of the aforementioned technologies though because multi-rotors are infinitely more agile. Flying with FPV is more like being a bird and less like being thrown through the air. It is an amazing and very fun, technology. This Instructable will show you how to build what I would categorize as a high-performance FPV quadcopter that can be used to take amazing aerial photos and videos. Could be using a top-of-the-line flight controller (the DJI Naza M Lite) and an excellent FPV system from Fat Shark, with the PilotHD camera for both recording video and delivering the FPV feed. Could also be using high-quality motors and ESCs designed specifically for use in multi-rotors. Finally, we will be using a premium-quality Spektrum radio system. More about the parts list for this project can be found in the next step.

Results
I also stated that drones can penetrate other planets, being the most penetrating and economical spies and scouts, with long life and low resource consumption, without major risks and without people anyway.
The first important step of the Mars 2020 mission took place on February 18, when Perseverance (Mars Exploration Rover) reached the ground of the Red Planet, successfully landing in Jezer Crater, the place selected by NASA team members. This was followed by "checks and tests for all own instruments and systems". The next step was to "release" the small aircraft, technically called the Ingenuity Helicopter Scout, from the special compartment in which it was transported and travel at a safe but acceptable distance to be able to "observe" the flight to take place. in a few days. In the online magazine two articles recently appeared referring to these operations and with a more detailed description of them, both from March a.c. and about Mars Exploration Rover and Mars Helicopters almost three years ago. The Ingenuity drone was sent to Mars to be the first man-made device to make a propelled flight to a planet other than Earth. Initially, Ingenuity rotor copter flights were scheduled for April 19 to May 19, but NASA/JPL experts felt that the date of the first takeoff could be brought forward and, at some point, estimated that place immediately after the first week of April. However, the first flight was postponed due to rotor problems, which in some situations did not enter normal operation and, for this reason, the idea arose that no scenario should be ignored and that anything is possible. Of the four scenarios considered, the optimal option was a successful flight and therefore the success of the operation and the worst, a total failure. All the "dark thoughts" disappeared and the JPL team had reason to rejoice on April 19, 2021, when the first flight was successfully performed. Even though Ingenuity rose from the ground in less than a minute, "NASA is celebrating what is the first controlled flight of an aircraft in another world," it wrote on April 20 in an article on bbc.com. The renowned organization of the media communications industry BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation), the largest in the world by a number of employees, has dedicated special shows to present this unique event. The BBC, based in London, England, "informs, entertains and educates millions of people in the UK and around the world". According to the NASA announcement, the Ingenuity helicopter was able to take off, climbed to a height of about 3 m (10 ft), soared 30 sec above the crater, descended one meter/second and landed safely on Martian soil. The total flight duration was 39.1 sec. On the website globalnews.ca he wrote that "The systems and algorithms onboard did all the work, so the flight was completely autonomous, says NASA." The solution of autonomy was adopted due to the long distance between Earth and Mars (over 290 million kilometers) and the time required for radio signals to travel. It is very clear that controlled flight from such a distance with a joystick "is simply excluded" (bbc.com).
This meant that while the drone controlled its movement, "NASA engineers sat, watched and waited with crossed arms." To express their joy with applause and cheers, the NASA team had to be very patient and stay for a few hours with great emotions, until the results were complete on Earth and until all the data was interpreted.
According to NASA (nasa.gov), confirmation of the successful flight came via the Perseverance rover on Mars, which transmitted the data to Earth. On the globalnews.ca website it is also written that the images with the "celebration" from NASA catch MiMi Aung breaking the notes with the so-called "backup speech", which contained the words prepared in case the flight was unsuccessful or if Ingenuity it was collapsing, that is, for a failure. MiMi Aung, 52, is a project manager at NASA's JPL (Jet Propulsion Laboratory) in Pasadena, California, where he arrived in 1990 and a senior engineer on the Mars Helicopter Ingenuity project. He said he had gone from "say you can" to "now you really can." He also told BBC News, "This is a major premiere for the human race." There has long been talking of a new "Wright Brothers moment," referring to the first controlled flights of a heavier-than-air aircraft by Wilbur and Orville Wright in December 1903 at Kill Devil Hills, a place chosen for the conditions. favorable wind. Kill Devil Hills is located 4 miles (6 km) from Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, a city that became world-famous due to the Wright brothers and the events of 1903. Speaking of the "Wright Brothers moment" on the Red Planet, MiMi Aung considers that he had finally arrived and briefly declared, "Here he is." NASA is planning for the Ingenuity drone helicopter to make "more adventurous flights" (bbc.com) in the next period, which will take place until mid-May.
Originally created by and for the military, drones have developed far beyond the battlefield and are now used everywhere, from oil fields to private farms. They are used to deliver packages, supervise land and help in case of disasters. Their field of application is becoming more and more varied and their parameters are expanding.
The key to increasing the range of drone applications is given by the increasing complexity of the electronic systems embedded in them. The miniaturized sensors used in today's drones allow them to be smaller than ever, lighter and more accessible, improving machine vision technology (activated by the new generation of powerful flight control systems) that gives them better autonomous navigation, obstacle avoidance and real-time analysis.
The development of drones has traditionally been difficult, expensive and time-consuming, but today, the availability of drone development platforms has changed all that. The new platforms from Intel, Infineon and Parallax make it easier than ever to implement drone applications.
From the very beginning, when people built the first aircraft, the idea of an unmanned aerial vehicle was extremely appealing. Airplanes allow us to travel fast, to have a bird's eye view of things and to move freely unaffected by obstacles on the ground. When it comes to flying, lighter aircraft are better compared to large and heavy ones at the same time, which must accommodate a human being. This implies greater complexity, higher costs and a shorter range, as a larger mass requires higher fuel consumption. Drones solve all these problems. Being unmanned, these aircraft can be made lighter, smaller and cheaper, especially since no life support is required. Thus, the vehicles focus only on the characteristics of being light, maneuverable and with the widest possible range. Without the risks of causing human problems, drones can also perform more dangerous tasks than those with a human pilot. Therefore, it is not surprising that drones have deep roots in the military zone.
Unmanned aerial vehicles first appeared in the 1930s. Early drone developments included balloons designed to drop bombs on enemy lines at certain intervals and unmanned aerial vehicles with explosives on board, intended to crash after a given number of rotations. of the engine. The advancement of radio technology has led to better navigation. One of the first Radio-Controlled (RC) drones was used during World War II to train anti-aircraft targets on how to fire realistically moving aerial targets. Since then, the pace of drone development has increased and they have been used more and more in today's combat scenes. Drones have been used since the 1970s in major conflicts around the world.
Ingenuity successfully made its first flight to Mars (Fig. 6).

Fig. 6: Ingenuity successfully made its first flight to Mars
While drones have been used in a military context for a considerable time, only in this decade have they become sufficiently accessible to enter the consumer market.
Drones for personal use have become possible thanks to innovative technologies in the area of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS), driven by the demands of the smartphone market.
Air navigation requires complex sensors to monitor physical orientation as well as acceleration on 3 different axes. In the past, this involved the use of expensive Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) consisting of accelerometers, gyroscopes and magnetometers. These macro-sized sensory units were large, heavy and extremely expensive, limiting their use to professional aerospace, naval and defense applications.
Using the same techniques that are applied to semiconductor manufacturing technologies, MEMS technology reduces the size of accelerometers, gyroscopes and magnetometers, allowing them to be much smaller, cheaper and even safer to operate. Today, a 9-axis sensor, such as the Bosch BNO055 that measures compass orientation, physical orientation and 3-axis acceleration, can be the size of a small chip, smaller than a nail.
The extraordinary size and mass reduction of MEMSbased IMU devices have allowed them to drive drones today and their low price has meant that drones can be accessible to the average user or small businesses, once drones began to fall into the hands of everyday users and small businesses, their use improved and diversified. Today, drones are used in all applications from logistics to rescue operations.

Discussion
For logistics applications, drones have been used to deliver packages quickly and efficiently. Their ability to fly allows them to overcome traffic and navigate over obstacles on earth. Not only can drones deliver faster and more efficiently than humans, but they can also deliver to areas and places where people cannot reach easily. Do you live on the 15th floor of a block of flats? A drone can deliver a package directly to your balcony. If you decide on an unscheduled picnic in the park, a drone can deliver pizza directly to the location indicated by your smartphone's GPS.
The ability of drones to map 3D areas quickly and accurately has transformed surveillance and offered the potential to change various industries as well as tourism. A remotely controlled drone with a high-precision GPS can get detailed photos of large areas in just a few hours or minutes. These high-resolution photos can then be put together with specific software to build an incredibly accurate 3D terrain map. Areas that once required a ground team to work for weeks can now be seen in just a few days, thanks to drones.
Drones are also useful in disaster search and rescue operations. Immediately after natural disasters, key infrastructure (such as roads and electricity) can be severely affected, making it difficult to find ground-based solutions quickly and efficiently. In these situations, drones can conduct aerial surveillance of areas to find out the location and condition of a disaster or to search for injured people. Drones can even provide first aid by providing critical products, such as food or medicine for victims in monitored areas.
As miniaturized, wirelessly controlled aircraft, drones are a technological pinnacle. They have some of the latest navigation, computing and aeronautical technologies we have today. A drone consists of a chassis, rotors, engines, speed controllers, a battery and a flight controller. While mechanical aspects such as rotors, chassis type and engine determine the flight characteristics and load-bearing capacity, the existing electronic systems onboard distinguish modern drones from yesterday's RC airplanes and helicopters.
Each rotor and the corresponding motor have an Electronic Speed Controller (ESC) that controls the speed of the motor. The ESC is a mixed-signal circuit that provides high-resolution three-phase AC power to control brushless motors based on a control signal. Connected to a motor and battery, ESCs are sized according to the amount of current they can control.
In addition to ESC, the flight controller is another essential electronic system onboard a drone. While RC airplanes and helicopters give operators direct control over engine speed, modern drones have multiple rotors and the complexity of rotor speed coordination requires an automatic system. The flight controller uses an array of sensors such as GPS, gyroscope, accelerometer, compass and barometer to stabilize and navigate the drone by adjusting the rotor speed.
Modern flight controllers range from simple stability control to completely autonomous navigation with the avoidance of obstacles using machine-vision technology -possible on advanced platforms such as Intel's Aero computer.
Although there is a certain joy in building your own drone from the sketch level, this requires a lot of time, effort and perseverance. Fortunately, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) platforms are available today, allowing you to choose exactly how deep you want to dig. Perhaps the most complete and flexible UAV platform to date is Intel's Aero series. It can come either as a computer board with a flight controller or as a "flight-ready" drone development platform.
In the ready-to-fly option, Intel's Aero drone is a fully assembled quadrocopter running Linux on a multi-core Atom SoC processor. It has pre-installed flight controller software -allowing users to use the drone immediately after removing it from the box, without the need for further programming. The Aero flight-ready platform allows users to immediately focus on developing complex applications, instead of wasting time with flight control mechanics.
The Aero drone also has multiple cameras, including an Intel RealSense ™ R200 front camera. The R200 is a camera-based camera system with depth detection technology, including conventional dual cameras as well as an infrared camera and an infrared laser projector. Stereo vision and infrared components allow obtaining 3D images with the ability to detect depth. It can be used for collision avoidance, surveillance, 3D mapping and more. In addition to being sold as a complete, flight-ready drone, the Aero platform is also available as an optional dashboard with a Real Sense camera and camera, which allows the integration of computing capabilities and machine vision technology on other multi-copter drone chassis.
Although they were once just simple toys for enthusiasts, today's drones have penetrated many markets and are targeting many more. At the same time, developing drone applications has never been easier. For those who want to directly access an advanced drone application development environment, Intel's Aero platform offers a ready-to-fly solution and for those who want to work on development themselves, integrated components from vendors such as Infineon and Cypress can significantly reduce development times and costs (Patrick, 2018).

Conclusion
Given the declining planetary resources and increasing their consumption, at least some of them could be brought from outside the planet, such as metals or diamonds, so as not we try to find them or supplements in the depths of the earth, so as not to disturb the balance of our planet.
The use of drones instead of massive, classic aircraft could bring a massive saving of materials, but also a decrease in total costs used a drastic reduction in the nuisances caused by more and more flights, a relaxation of air traffic, with better control and may with much higher flight safety. The performance of drones cannot be matched by the classic aircraft used so far, which is why drones will gradually take the place of classic aircraft, massive and expensive, but also with a fairly high frequency of accidents and with major risks on passengers and goods transported.
Obviously, in the future, the drones will carry out the transport of goods and even passengers on short and medium distances, but even on longer routes, bringing the aerial technique to its peak and even more than that, all the drones will be called to replace the robotic and aerial modules on the planets that will be further explored, including the red planet, our nearest neighbor.

Acknowledgement
The work was appreciated by teams of professors from the departments of automobiles from several universities in Romania and Italy. This text was acknowledged and appreciated by Associate Professor Aniello Riccio seconda Universita' Degli Studi di Napoli Italy, whom we thanks and in this way.

Ethics
Author declares that are not ethical issues that may arise after the publication of this manuscript. This article is original and contains unpublished material.  Bedon, C., & Louter, C. (2016). Finite-element numerical simulation of the bending performance of post-tensioned structural glass beams with adhesively bonded cfrp tendons.