TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mahmoud, Madyha Hassan 
AU  - Morcos, Nadia Youssef 
AU  - Ibrahim, Khadiga Salah 
AU  - Saad-Hussein, Amal 
AU  - Ibrahim, Noha Hassan 
AU  - Soliman, Ahmed Fathi 
PY  - 2020
TI  - Impact of Long-Term use of Mobile Phones on the Prostate in Human users
JF  - OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
DO  - 10.3844/ojbsci.2020.270.277
UR  - https://thescipub.com/abstract/ojbsci.2020.270.277
AB  - The current study investigated some possible effects of long-term use of mobile phones on the oxidative-antioxidants balance and its effect on the prostate. Twenty-eight eligible volunteers frequently use mobile phones and from the same socioeconomic status were enrolled in the study. They were examined according to the effect of time every two years for a follow-up period with four years. A detailed personal, occupational and medical questionnaire was completed for each participant through personal interviews. Total and free Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) levels, in addition to the levels of malondialdehyde, Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and Zinc (Zn) were determined. At the end of the study, total and free PSA and MDA levels increased significantly compared to the baseline. Compared to the two years of use, total and free PSA level, free PSA/total PSA ratio, MDA and Zn levels were significantly increased after 4 years. In conclusion, the long-term use of cell phones may cause a redox imbalance characterized by increased oxidative stress that eventually affected the prostate gland.