@article {10.3844/jcssp.2016.314.322,
article_type = {journal},
title = {Abstract Interpretation of Java Bytecode for Immutability Analysis},
author = {Haase, Oliver},
volume = {12},
number = {7},
year = {2016},
month = {Aug},
pages = {314-322},
doi = {10.3844/jcssp.2016.314.322},
url = {https://thescipub.com/abstract/jcssp.2016.314.322},
abstract = {Even though immutability is a desirable property, especially in a multi-threaded environment, implementing immutable Java classes is surprisingly hard because of a lack of language support. We present a static analysis tool using abstract bytecode interpretation that checks Java classes for compliance with a set of rules that together constitute state-based immutability. Being realized as a Find Bugs plug in, the tool can easily be integrated into most IDEs and hence the software development process. Our evaluation on a large, real world codebase shows that the average run-time effort for a single class is in the range of a few milliseconds, with only a very few statistical spikes.},
journal = {Journal of Computer Science},
publisher = {Science Publications}
}