TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taha, Aza Bahadeen 
AU  - Al-Salihi, Sabria M. Said 
PY  - 2011
TI  - Antibiotic Resistance of Community and Hospital Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Clinical Specimens
JF  - Current Research in Medicine
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
DO  - 10.3844/amjsp.2011.65.71
UR  - https://thescipub.com/abstract/amjsp.2011.65.71
AB  - Problem statement: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible
for an increasing number of serious hospital and community acquired infections. Increased emergence
in MRSA resistance to antibiotics is a growing problem. Approach: The resistance of MRSA to 20
antibiotics agents were studied. Also comparison of antibiotics resistance of community and hospital
acquired MRSA were performed. Meanwhile the profile of antibiotics resistance of different clinical
specimens among community and hospital acquired MRSA were evaluated. The clinical specimens of
wound, urine, diabetic foot, skin abscess and sputum were collected from 1189 patients from March
2008-2009 at Hawler, Maternity and Rizgary teaching hospitals in Erbil, Iraq, 377 of Staphylococcus
aureus were isolated and identification by standard methods, 114 MRSA were detected by detection
PBP2a. Antibiotics resistance for MRSA were determined by the agar dilution method according to
CLSI and BSAC guidelines. Results: The percentages of resistance in all hospital acquired MRSA
were higher than community acquired MRSA. Among community acquired MRSA, the highest
percentage (73.33%) of wound specimens were resistance to tetracycline, erythromycin and
azithromycin. About 14% of urine samples were resistance to tobramycin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin
and rifampicin, 12.5% of diabetic foot was resistance to tobramycin, moxifloxacin and rifampicin. The
resistance to tobramycin and rifampicin among MRSA cause skin abscess were 10 and 75% of sputum
specimens were resistance to azithromycin and ciprofloxacin. Among hospital acquired MRSA
isolates, 92% of wound specimens were resistance to tetracycline, 85.71% of urine samples were
resistance to erythromycin and azithromycin. All sputum specimens were resistance to erythromycin.
Conclusion/Recommendations: The most antibiotics affected agents MRSA were gatifloxacin,
moxifloxacin and rifampicin. Physicians should be aware about MRSA and order for diagnostic and
antibiotics sensitivity test. The use of antibiotics on random scale without antibiotic sensitivity testing
must be restricted.