@article {10.3844/ajeassp.2015.465.470,
article_type = {journal},
title = {Characterization of Solid Residues Obtained from Supercritical Ethanol Liquefaction of Swine Manure},
author = {Li, Rui and Zhang, Bo and Xiu, Shuangning and Wang, Hui and Wang, Lijun and Shahbazi, Abolghasem},
volume = {8},
number = {4},
year = {2015},
month = {Jul},
pages = {465-470},
doi = {10.3844/ajeassp.2015.465.470},
url = {https://thescipub.com/abstract/ajeassp.2015.465.470},
abstract = {Animal wastes are considered as renewable energy resources, which contain a great energy potential. For this study, swine manure was treated with supercritical ethanol within the reaction temperature range of 240-360°C to produce bio-oil, resulting in a significant amount of solid residues. Solid residues were characterized by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM), surface area, elemental and thermogravimetric (TG) analyses. Solid residues were mainly composed of carbon (26-29 wt%) and ash (35-45 wt%) and exhibited low surface areas (11-17 m2/g). The analyses indicated an incomplete conversion of lignocellulosic components and thermal chemical reactions including hydrolysis, dehydration, decarboxylation, aromatization and condensation. Supercritical ethanol liquefaction is considered as a feasible way to remove oxygen and utilize carbon and hydrogen in swine manure to produce carbonaceous materials and energy condensed bio-fuels. },
journal = {American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences},
publisher = {Science Publications}
}