@article {10.3844/ajavsp.2022.322.331,
article_type = {journal},
title = {Attempts to Stimulate Immunology Responses by Intramuscular and Intraperitoneal Delivery of EPS-Adjuvanted Mannheimiosis Vaccine},
author = {Mansour, Ghaith Hussein and Razzak, Laith Abdul and Sheikh, Hassan Ibrahim and Abd Wahid, Mohd Effendy},
volume = {17},
number = {4},
year = {2022},
month = {Dec},
pages = {322-331},
doi = {10.3844/ajavsp.2022.322.331},
url = {https://thescipub.com/abstract/ajavsp.2022.322.331},
abstract = {This study was conducted on 48 male Sprague Dawley rats to determine the immunological responses of experimental adjuvanted vaccines of Mannheimia haemolytica A2 (M. haemolytica A2) injection and to observe their protection level upon live M. haemolytica A2 challenge. Forty-eight clinically healthy Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups; Groups 1 and 2 were vaccinated intramuscularly and intraperitoneally, respectively, with an Exo-Polysaccharide (EPS)-adjuvanted vaccine prepared from formalin-killed M. haemolytica serotypes A2, Group 3 with formalin killed M. haemolytica seed. At the same time, Group 4 received intraperitoneally Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS) as a control. After the first vaccination dose, Groups 1,2, and 3 showed a gradual increase in IgM, IgG, and IgA levels significantly (p},
journal = {American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
publisher = {Science Publications}
}