The Spatial Distribution of Apis Dorsata Host Plants Using an Integrated Geographical Information System-Remote Sensing Approach
- 1 Department of Agriculture Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
- 2 Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
- 3 Department of Forest Production, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
- 4 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Abstract
Apis dorsata is one of the important honeybee species in tropical and subtropical regions that forages on various plants including herbs, grasses, forest trees and plantation trees. However, information on the spatial distribution of various pollen sources of Apis dorsata is still lacking. This study aimed at mapping the spatial distribution of the major honeybee plants that serve as pollen sources to Apis dorsata using an integrated Geographical Information System (GIS)-Remote Sensing (RS) approach. Mapping of pollen sources was based on SPOT-5 satellite imagery within a GIS environment. The SPOT-5 imagery was enhanced, classified and vectorized using ENVI 4.7. Image classification techniques were used to separate the pollen sources into six classes. Ten observation plots, each measuring 10×10 m, were established for each pollen source class using a randomized sampling technique. Results showed that Melaleuca cajuputi covered a total of 2,398.8 ha (5.5%), Acacia sp. 11,377.8 ha (25.9%), Elaeis guineensis 19745.1 ha (44.9%), non-vegetation 4,647.2 ha (10.6%), water bodies 973.5 ha (2.2%) and cloud/haze/shadow 4830.5 ha (10.6%). The overall classification accuracy was 91.5% and the Kappa coefficient was 0.8. The GIS-RS map showed that almost all of the Apis dorsata nesting sites were located in the Elaeis guineensis area. This study clearly demonstrates that Apis dorsata prefers to build its nest in close proximity to the pollen source.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ajabssp.2012.396.406
Copyright: © 2012 Izzat F. Ibrahim, Siva K. Balasundram, Nur-Ashikin P. Abdullah, Alias M. Sood, Makhdzir Mardan and Mohamed M. Saberioon. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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Keywords
- Apis Dorsata
- Geographical Information System
- Remote Sensing
- Honeybee Plant