Response of Spring Safflower to Co-Inoculation with Azotobacter chroococum and Glomus intraradices Under Different Levels of Nitrogen and Phosphorus
- 1 Islamic Azad UniversityDepartment of Agronomy, Islamic Azad University, Research and Science Branch, Ahvaz, Iran
- 2 Islamic Azad UniversityAgriculture Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Iran
- 3 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
- 4 Department of Soil Biology, Soil and Water Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
- 5 Department of Oil Seed Crops, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran
Abstract
Problem statement: In order to evaluate the effects of co-inoculation of Azotobacter and Mycorrhiza with nitrogen and phosphorus levels on yield and yield components of spring safflower, this study was carried out in the experimental field of Farahan University in Markazi province- Iran in 2006. Approach: A factorial experiment in the form of complete randomized block design with three replications has been used. Inoculation of Azotobacter (without and with inoculation by Azotobacter chroococum) and Mycorrhiza (without and with inoculation by Glomus intraradices) under different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus levels [F0 = N0+P0(kg ha-1), F1 = N50+P25(kg ha-1), F2 = N100+P50(kg ha-1) and F3 = N150+P75(kg ha-1)] on spring safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.-cv. IL-111) have been studied. Results: In this study some characteristics such as: Harvest index, hectolitre weight, root dry weight, seed yield, mycorrhizal root colonization, number of days to maturity were assessed. Results indicated that treatment (A1M1F2) with average grain yield 1239 (kg ha-1) and treatment (A0M1F0) with average grain yield 723.7 (kg ha-1) were significantly higher than other treatments. Seed inoculation at the planting date with Azotobacter and Mycorrhiza caused increasing grain yield about 6.13% in compare with control treatment. Conclusion: Seed yield and yield components of safflower have been affected significantly by the inoculation with Azotobacter and Mycorrhiza, because these biofertilizers can fix atmospheric nitrogen and increase phosphorus availability in soil and enhanced absorb elements by safflower.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ajabssp.2009.255.261
Copyright: © 2009 M. Mirzakhani, M. R. Ardakani, A. Aeene Band, F. Rejali and A. H. Shirani Rad. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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Keywords
- Spring safflower
- Azotobacter and Mycorrhiza