A Study of Forms and Linguistic Usage of Meeting Documents in the Reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn and the Reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej

Problem statement: At present, meeting is an activity which is necess ary for work. Gathering for discussing or solving problems is ass umed that it has been held since the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn. The purposes of this re earch were these: (1) to investigate forms of meeting documents in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn and the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej, (2) to analyses meeting procedu r s from the minutes of the meetings in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn and the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej and (3) to analyses Thai usage in the minutes of the meetings in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn and the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyade j. Approach: The meeting documents in the reign of His Majesty King Chalalongkorn such as mic rofilms and four books of script photos were analyzed, they consisted of four meeting document: (1) the minutes of the meeting of the Minister Council in the first session on the Council of Stat e Affairs Councilor, (2) the minute of the meeting of the Minister Council in Rattanakosin Era of 111, (3 ) the minute of the meeting of the Minister Council in the second session, part one in Rattanakosin Era of 112 and (4) the minutes of the meeting of the Minister Council in the third session in Rattanakos in Era of 113. A total pages of these documents was 1,000 pages. A sample was 6 experts I creating meet ing documents and 1 linguistic expert. Research data were collected by means of an interview, the d ata were analyzed by means of an interpretation and a composition technique and were presented by means of a descriptive analysis. Results: (1) Forms of meeting documents in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn and His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej consisted of these: (i) A law of meeting re ulations, (ii) a document of meeting schedule and agenda, (iii) the minutes of the meeting, (iv) a meeting document and (v) an after-meeting document (2) Meeting procedures in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn were proceeded according to a law of meeting regulations; for exam ple the regulations of the meeting, the minutes of the meeting and the Royal Decree on Principle ad pr ocedure for discussion meeting. Meeting procedures in the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibo l Adulyadej divided into 2 types were these: (i) holding a meeting according to regulations ad holdi ng a meeting according to an agenda (general meeting) (ii) Thai usage in the minute of the meeti ng in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn ad His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej had the diff erences in writing style, idioms, outlines and technical terms. Conclusion/Recommendations: Research results revealed the difference in forms and linguistic usage of meeting documents between in th e reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn ad His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej, especially the dif ferences in writing styles, idioms, outlines and technical terms concerning the meeting.


INTRODUCTION
Meeting is the coming together or the calling out of people for some purpose like the meeting of the committee. At present, meeting is an important activity for a international level, a national level and an organizational level. Some examples of the purpose of the meeting are for solving problems, for discussing and sharing knowledge, for discussing and searching practical guideline, for creating a positive attitude and for declaring policies or information so the meeting is an activity which gives a chance for many people to involve. The meeting has played an important role since the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn; he held the meeting in the court, established the Council of State Affairs Councilor and established the Privy Council and other Councils. Meeting documents resulted from those meetings were a meeting agenda, the minute of the meeting, the meeting regulations and moreover His Majesty King Chulalongkorn enacted the Royal Decree on Principle and procedure for discussion of the Minister Council, the Privy Council and the Minister of State Council (The Royal Institute, 1999) The meeting has been held until the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej which Thailand is ruled by democracy and the king of the head of the kingdom. Each meeting need meeting documents in order to facilitate the meeting to reach a success in purpose and to use as evidence or reference things; for example a letter of meeting invitation, a document of meeting agenda, a meeting document ad the minutes of the meeting. In case of an important meeting, it must need a document of principle and procedure for a meeting.
As mentioned above, these meeting documents are useful for a study of Thai political history in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn and useful for a study of the development of meeting documents from the past to the present. Purposes and objects: (1) to investigate forms of meeting documents in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn and the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej, (2) to analyzes meeting procedure from the minutes of the meetings in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn and the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej and (3) to analyses Thai usage in the minutes of the meetings in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn ad the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Population ad sample: Six experts in creating meeting documents and 1 linguistic expert.

Instruments:
Research instruments were an interview form and a sound recorder.

Data analysis:
The data were analyzed by means of a interpretation and a composition technique and were presented by means of a descriptive analysis.

RESULTS
Research results were as follows: Forms of meeting documents: Forms of meeting documents in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn and the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej into 5 types: • The laws of meeting regulations, they divided into 2 types were these: (1) an Act and (2)  Meeting procedures in the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej divided into 2 types: (1) a meeting procedure according to meeting regulations and (2) a meeting procedure according to a meeting agenda.
Linguistic usage I meeting documents: Thai linguistic usage in meeting documents in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn had the outstanding points as follows: (1) Thai linguistic usage in the letters of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn revealed that he used his royal prerogative with the ten virtues of the king and tried to educate courtiers and people about democratic knowledge by using a writing style according to the principles of international letter writing which has a communicative efficiency were these: (i) clear, (ii) concise, (iii) correct, (iv) courteous, (v) conversational, (vi) convincing and (vii) complete (2) Thai linguistic usage in meeting documents in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn and the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej focused on 7 points were these: (i) the purposes of linguistic usage, (ii) a title of topic or agenda, (iii) a outline of the content of meeting agenda and the minutes, (iv) the elements of the minutes, (v) linguistic usage in other meeting documents, (vi) linguistic usage in the laws concerning the meeting and (vii) technical terms concerning the meeting in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn.
Writing styles and idioms in meeting documents in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn revealed that they had the outstanding point as follows: (1) using ancient idioms which no using at present, (2) using idioms which have been using at present and their meanings are the same as in the past or different a little bit, (3) using a poetic-Thai writing style which written in rhyme, (4) using a final voiced consonant which is difference from the present use, (5) using foreigntechnical terms together with Thai words, (6) using a formal title which is difference from the present use, (7) using classifiers more than they are used at present and (8) using popular words in that period for example Siam, Thai and Bangkok. Meeting procedure: All of the meeting committee preceded their meetings according to the laws. In the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn and His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej, the regulation of the meeting, the record of the meeting and the Royal Decree on Principle and Procedure for Discussion Meeting were enacted. Meeting procedures divided into 2 types: (1) a meeting procedure according to meeting regulations, for example the Assembly the Assembly of the People's Representatives signals the beginning of the meeting when it has a quorum ad (2) a meeting procedure according to a meeting agenda; this meeting procedure begins from raising meeting issues which should not over 10 issues, reporting the matters by the president, confirming the minutes of the meeting to reporting an agreement of the committee, this is consistent with Secretariat of the Prime Minister (2002), he says that "when will be held the meeting; the clerk of Council sent letters of meeting invitation to the persons involved at least 24 h before the meeting begins except in case of a state of emergency, those involved must urgently come to meeting and a quorum should at least consists of 7 in 20 people, when the meeting begins the clerk reads the minutes of the last meeting to the committee, if no any opposition the vice-president signs a confirmation document in case of some committee have any opposition, the committee must approve the minutes again.

DISCUSSION
Thai usage in meeting documents: Thai usage in meeting documents revealed 7 outstanding points as follows: • The purposes of Thai usage in meeting documents in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn and the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej were these: (1) to persuade people involved to take action and (2) to inform people involved of important information • Writing Style in the title or agenda of the meeting in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn and the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol revealed that it was rather written as a noun more than a verb but the title ad agenda in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn was shorter than it is at the present Recording of the Year 1983, an opening word was "To" and an ending word was "Sincerely yours," and began the first sentence with the reason or the purpose of writing a letter but if the sender and receiver has continuously sent the letter to each other, the opening sentence always began with a word of "According to…" and followed with the word which represented the reason or purpose of writing a letter in a formal writing style • Writing style I 5 laws concerning the meeting in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkron had the features in terms of a clear feature, a concise feature and a systematic unity feature. A discussion ad a classification writing style were used and moreover a poetic writing style was also used in these laws. Writing style in 2 laws concerning the meeting in the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej had the same features like in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn but it focused on persuading people involved to take action • Technical terms concerning the meeting in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn has been used from the past to the present but some word was a little bit adapted in its meaning, some examples of these words were meeting agenda, a quorum, the minutes of the meeting, a meeting, meeting place, the president of the meeting, an agreement of the meeting, voting, arrival time, terminal time As mentioned above, Thai usage in meeting documents in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn ad the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej is consistent with the research result of Kannika et al. (2010). The Integration of Proverbs from Thai Didactic Literary Works for Secondary Students. The research findings were presented information of descriptive analysis. For histories of the uses of proverbs in Thai didactic literary works, theproverbs aimed to teach people involving honesty, discipline; love of the country, religion and the king; grateful to people to whom you are obligated and attention to learning. The proverbs teach us to live sufficiently, to intend to study, to love Thainess and to have public awareness. The proverbs teach us to have good behaviors, to talk politely, to speak straightforward the purpose needed, to teach about beliefs, merits, deeds, black magic and magic, to teach about association with other people, to keep cool, not to be frightened easily and not to believe rumor and bad news. The proverbs teach about forgiveness perseverance, cultures, traditions which are good to everyone in the society so that they will live happily together to have love and unity. For the current conditions of the uses of Thai didactic literary works, they are used for teaching at schools only. After graduation from their schools, these people seldom study further to increase knowledge of proverbs. The teachings will be in the form of modern literary works by writing novels, short stories and writing verses. For the integration of proverbs from Thai didactic literary works for secondary school students, from the conditions of problems of students' learning the following are found. Not a small number of students are absent from class, cannot catch up with peers' learning, submit assignments late and do not pay attention to learning. They have problems of aggressive behaviors, improper sexual behaviors, drugs, game addiction, quarrels, extravagance, to mistake wrong for right, preference for using violence to judge problems and admire rich people although they are dishonest, preference for disruption, are fond of western culture and not love Thainess.

CONCLUSION
Research results revealed forms and linguistic usage of meeting documents in the reign of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn and the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej and pointed out the differences in forms and linguistic usage of meeting documents between the both reigns. The persons involved can apply these results to develop meeting documents of their organizations.