TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nino, David 
AU  - Abdallah, Moussa 
AU  - Hammo, Bassam 
PY  - 2009
TI  - Separable Watermarking Technique Using the Biological Color Model
JF  - Journal of Computer Science
VL  - 5
IS  - 8
DO  - 10.3844/jcssp.2009.579.588
UR  - https://thescipub.com/abstract/jcssp.2009.579.588
AB  - Problem statement: The issue of having robust and fragile watermarking is still main focus for various researchers worldwide. Performance of a watermarking technique depends on how complex as well as how feasible to implement. These issues are tested using various kinds of attacks including geometry and transformation. Watermarking techniques in color images are more challenging than gray images in terms of complexity and information handling. In this study, we focused on implementation of watermarking technique in color images using the biological model. Approach: We proposed a novel method for watermarking using spatial and the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) domains. The proposed method deled with colored images in the biological color model, the Hue, Saturation and Intensity (HSI). Technique was implemented and used against various colored images including the standard ones such as pepper image. The experiments were done using various attacks such as cropping, transformation and geometry. Results: The method robustness showed high accuracy in retrieval data and technique is fragile against geometric attacks. Conclusion: Watermark security was increased by using the Hadamard transform matrix. The watermarks used were meaningful and of varying sizes and details.